fluorescent probes hksox 1  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: AMB Express

Article Title: Repurposing pinaverium bromide against Staphylococcus and its biofilms with new mechanisms

doi: 10.1186/s13568-024-01809-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: PMF disruption and ROS inducing activities by PVB. ( A ) Microstructure observation of MRSA ATCC 43,300 by TEM and SEM, respectively. The bacterial cells were treated with 5×MIC of PVB for 1 h. The representative images were selected randomly. Scale: 250 nm for TEM and 1 μm for SEM. ( B ) Relative periplasmic space quantification of the S. aureus determined by the SEM. ( C ) Fluorescence unit quantification of DiSC3(5) probe after treated with PVB for 30 s. Melittin (2 µg/mL) was used as control. ( D ) MIC changes of PVB against MRSA ATCC 43,300 in the presence of varied proton concentrations. ( E ) PMF determination by BCECF-AM probe after treated with PVB for indicated time. Melittin (2 µg/mL) was used as control. ( F - I ) ROS ( F ) and its components of O2- ( G ), H2O2 ( H ), and OH ( I ) quantification after treated with 1×MIC of PVB for 30 min. ( J ) ROS tracing by DCFH-DA probe after treated with 1×MIC of PVB for 30 min. ( K ) Fold change of MIC values in the presence of GSH or anaerobic condition

Article Snippet: These can be evaluated by using the fluorescence probes of HKSOX-1, HKperox-2, and HKOH-1r (MedChem Express, New Jersey, USA), respectively.

Techniques: Disruption, Fluorescence, Control